Alba Iulia is a remarkably walkable city, especially around the restored Alba Carolina Citadel. The citadel and city center offer a compact, pedestrian-friendly area with historical attractions, cafes, and restaurants within easy reach. A traveler can conveniently manage daily activities on foot, living in or near the citadel. However, outside these central neighborhoods, the walkability may decrease, making it ideal for stays focused within the citadel area.

Alba Iulia offers a basic public transportation system composed of buses, which may not match the expectations of a traveler used to larger city transit options. Key bus routes, such as No. 104, are useful for accessing prominent areas like the Alba Mall or the Alba Carolina fortress. While taxis are affordable and easy to find, and a metropolitan transport network links surrounding regions, the local transit coverage may still feel limited for extensive exploration.

Alba Iulia is becoming more bike-friendly as investments in cycling infrastructure continue. Dedicated bike lanes are increasingly integrated into the city's roads. The Dendrological Park offers scenic bike tracks for leisurely rides, and the 'Mammut Hill' area includes a dedicated cycling path. Though not a cycling hotspot, it is feasible for travelers to cycle around the city for both recreation and local commutes, particularly in specific areas.