Hilton Head Island is challenging for travelers who prefer walking as their main mode of transportation. The island is geographically spread out, and distances between points of interest, such as shops, restaurants, and activities, are typically too far to comfortably traverse on foot. Sidewalks are not consistently available across the entire island, limiting safe pedestrian access. Some areas like Coligny Plaza offer a more walkable environment but are not indicative of the island as a whole.

Public transit options on Hilton Head Island are quite limited and often seasonal, making them impractical for reliable everyday use. The Breeze trolley offers some service with two main routes, but it operates only from late March to Labor Day, and even then, coverage is not extensive. Other area-specific shuttles, like the Sea Pines Trolley, have restricted operating hours and seasonal schedules. While ride-sharing services are available, they can be costly and do not completely solve the transit issue for travelers.

Hilton Head Island is a haven for cyclists, with a well-established network of over 64 miles of public bike paths and nature trails. The flat terrain is conducive to cycling, and numerous bike rental facilities make access even easier. While pathways are generally safe and well-maintained, they are not lit at night, necessitating proper lighting for cyclists. This bike-friendly infrastructure offers an enjoyable and efficient way for travelers to explore the island, though attention to traffic laws and markings is vital.