Ilheus provides a somewhat walkable environment, especially in the downtown area where historical sites, cafes, and cultural spots like the Jorge Amado cultural center are conveniently located. Travelers can handle daily errands and explore dining options on foot within this central zone. Accommodation closer to beaches like Praia dos Milionários might necessitate transport, as they are a bit detached from the main cultural hub. While not a sprawling city, depending entirely on walking could limit your travel experience here.

Ilheus has a good but limited public transit system. Buses provide routes connecting the city center to popular beaches and nearby towns such as Itacaré. The main bus terminal offers connections to major cities in Brazil, which is a perk for longer-distance travel. However, the internal city transit isn't as frequent or thorough as in larger urban centers. Travelers can navigate key areas and enjoy day trips, but should prepare for occasional waits and indirect routes within the city.

The bikeability in Ilheus is somewhat limited. While the coastal terrain is mostly flat, facilitating easier rides, the city lacks dedicated bike lanes, making navigation tricky and potentially unsafe due to traffic. Cycling for leisure along beachfront roads might be enjoyable, but relying on a bicycle for daily commutes or errands remains challenging because of insufficient infrastructure and precarious riding conditions in some parts.